timeline for training

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they see the farrier for the first time at about 2 months old--earlier for foals with limb deformaties or contracted tendons etc. and continue on a regular schedule for life.
Sales horses will have their first set of shoes put on before a yearling sale--generally they get pulled as soon as they are taken home. Depending on the horse there is usually a benefit to keeping them barefoot as long as possible. They develop better sole depth and wall strength than shod horses.